High temperature torch



June 9, 1936. V

HIGH TEMPERATURE TORCH Flled May 15, 1953 INVENTOR Alexander Pqva.

BY .w

ATTORNEYS.

Patented June 9,

HIGH

Alexandr:- Ban;

PATENT OFFICE C ca o,

Allpliclflcn Kay 15, 1933, Serial No. 71,15.

4 Claims. (Gl- 9112-2) This invention relates to methods and means forproducing high temperature flames.

Although my invention has numerous applications, it is particularlyapplicable to the production. of non-reducing flames in the chemical,ceramic and other allied arts. An illustrative use is the fusing andmelting of refractory material and/or the glazing of the same and/or thedepositing thereon al. a layer or layers of glazing material, metalsetcJ It is an object of my invention to provide an improved method andmeans for producing a high temperature flame.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a hightemperature flame in a unitary torch or like construction.

Another object is to provide an improved methd and means for producing ahigh temperature flame by which refractory material may be fused and/ormelted and/or glazed without the introduction thereinto of impurities.

Another object is to provide an improved method and means fluapplying alayer of glaze or the like to refractory or like materials.

Another object is to provide an improved method and means for heatingand applying to a refractory or like surface a layer of glazesubstantlally without the introduction of impurlizl thereinto.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a hightemperature flame by the combustion of a metal or metals in the presenceof a combustible gas or gases.

Another object is to provide a method and means for utilizing the highcombustion temperature of a metal or metals in the production of a hightemperature flame.

Another object is to provide a method and means for increasing thecombustion temperature of two or more gases to increase thetemperatureof the flame of combustion thereof.

Another object is to provide a method and means for producing a hightemperature flame by the concurrent combustion of a gas or gases anddescription taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, whichillustrates a flame pro- ;ducing burner embodying my. invention, and bywhich the method of, my invention may be practiced.

Referring to'the drawing, I have shown at l the main body of the burner.It comprises an inner cup-form wall 2 upwardly open and upwardlyoutwardly flaring and providing a generally frustoconical open chamber22; and an outer wall 3 which may be of cylindrical form; thusproviding, between the walls 2 and 3, a space or chamber 4.

Conduits 5 and i communicate with the interior chamber I and providemeans, whereby a cooling medium, such as water or air under pressure,may flow to conduct away from the body I heat accumulating therein inthe operation of the. device or torch to be described.

A plurality such as six passageways I extend entirely thraigh the twowalls, 2 and 3, being sealed thereto by tubular connecting portions 8-4,and burners 9-9 and III are projected through the passageways 1. Each orthe burners 9 comprises a nozzle l I having a discharge orifice i2 and ajacket l3 surrounding the same, providing a space I 4 between the jacketand the nozzle, through which a cooling medium, such as water or air,may be circulated to conduct away heat. The medium may be introducedinto the jacket through a conduit l5 and after circulating therethroughmay be discharged through a conduit IS. The nozzle, II may be identicalwith the nozzle 9! and may have a discharge orifice I 3 from its nozzle51.

The burners 9-8 are disposed in an an ula series with the axes of theirnozzles l I, or of their orifices i2l2, inclined atan angleoi'approximately 75 (or less) to the axis of the frusto-conical chamber 22,and the orifices |2--l2 are disposed substantially equal distances fromthe said axis and in a plane at right angles to the axis andsubstantially midway between the upper and lower bases of the saidfrusto-conical chamber. Y

The nozzle ll of the burner II], or the orifice I3 thereof, is disposedsubstantially along or on the said axis centrally of the said orificesl2 and substantially below the plane of the orifices I 2l2.

The nozzles H -ll extend rearwardly out of the jacket 13 into conduitportions l8-|8 which are adapted to be connected to a supply source ofoxygen under pressure. Any suitable means may be provided, such as meanswell known in the 50 art, for supplying oxygen to the nozzles ll-I Ifrom such source and for controlling the pressure thereof and thereforethe rate of flow to the noz- 'zles. The nozzle ll of the bumer III islikewise provided with a conduit zirconium metal to zirconium dioxide.

be connected to a source of hydrogen under pressure controlled bysuitable means not shown.

In the operation of the torch or burner, thus far described, hydrogen isadmitted to the burner lll' through the orifice l3 and ignited producinga,v flame jet 20. Oxygen is then admitted to the burner9 9 and issuingfrom the orifices l2 combines with the hydrogen producing a 'flame 2|issuing'from the burnernpwardly along its central axis.

. The supply of oxygen to the burners 9-9 then has introduced thereintofinely powdered zirconiwith the central hydrogen flame jet 20, the in'tense heat of the oxy-hydrogen flame burns the As is well known,zirconium metal has a very high heat of combustion and its combustion inthe torch-just described, raises the temperature of the oxyhydrogenflame producing an exceedingly intense heat.

The zirconium dioxide in the flame is highly sintered or molten and isprojected forwardly inthe flame 2| and may be deposited by the onrush ofthe hot gases from the flame on anydesiredsurface.

into the oxygen streams, the oxy-hydrogen flame alone may be employed toheat the article or surface upon which the zirconium dioxide issubsequently to be deposited. i

As is apparent, zirconium dioxide as a refractory material is producedin the torch as just described, from zirconium metal and underconditions, which cause it to be chemically pure, the resulting flamebeing a non-reducing or oxidizing flame. By this means, as willalso beapparent, a refractory article may be provided with a glazed surface.

As an alternative mode of operation, instead of introducing zirconiumdust alone into the oxygen, it may be introduced together with magnesiummetal-dust or powder. The refractory material thus produced and/or therefractory glaze layer, which may thereby be applied to an article, willbe a mixture of zirconium and magnesium oxides. A means forintroducingthe powdered metal into the oxygen streams has not been shownand isbelieved not to be necessary in view of the state of this art, andany suitable or known means maybe provided for this purpose.

My invention is not limited to the particular metal zirconium referredto nor to its combination with magnesium; other metals and othercombinations may be used.

In some cases refractory oxide dust may be introduced into the flamewith the gas or gases for depositing on a surface as described.

Other changes and modifications in the apparatus above described andchanges and modifications may be 'made in the steps of process hereinbefore described without departing from the spirit of my invention orsacrificing its advantages, or departing from the scope of the appendedclaims.

I claim: e

1 In a high temperature torch or the like, a

If desired, before the metal is introduced around the central burner andprojecting flame jets inwardly and outwardly to join with the firstnamed flame'jet." 1 v j 2. In. a high temperature torch or the like,- a

' frame comprising a generally outwardly open 10 cup-form walledcombustion recess, a generally centraljet burner nozzle projecting intothe recess through thebottom wall thereof and terminating inwardly ofthe a recess mouth and disposed to project a central j'etpf gasoutwardly through them recess along the jetaxis, a plurality of jetburner nozzles projected into the recess through side walls of thechamber terminating inwardly of the recess mouth and arranged in aseries around the central nozzle substantially symmetrically 20 theretoand disposed to project jets of gas toward the central jet fromdifierent angular directions each in an outwardly inclined direction,the axes of ,the series of jets substantially intersecting the axis ofthe central jet at a point therein, the 25 series of jets joining withthe central jet to produce a flame projected outwardly of the recessalong the axis of the central jet.

through and out of the recess, along a jet axis, a

plurality of oxygen jet burner nozzles projected into the recess throughside walls thereof terminating inwardly of the recess mouth and arrangedgenerally symmetrically around the cen- 4o tral nozzle and disposedtoproject jets of oxygen towards the hydrogen jet from different angulardirections each in an outwardly inclined direction, the axes of theoxygen jets substantially intersecting the axis of the hydrogen jet at a45 point therein whereby the oxygen jets may join with the hydrogen jetto produce anon-reducing flame projected outwardly .of the recess alongthe axis of the hydrogen jet.

4. In a high temperature torch or the like, a frame comprising agenerally outwardly open cup-form walled combustion recess, a generallycentral jet. burner nozzle projecting into the recess through the bottomwall thereof and terminating inwardly of the. recess mouth and dis.-posed to project a central jet of gas outwardly through the recess alongthe jet axis, a pluralityof jet burner nozzles projected into the recessthrough side walls of the chamber terminating inwardly of the recessmouth and arranged in a series around the central nozzle substantiallysymmetrically thereto and disposed to project jets of gas toward thecentral jet from different angular directions each in an outwardlyinclined direction, the series of-jets joining with the cen- V tral jetto produce a flame projected outwardly of the recess along the axis ofthe central jet.

ALEXANDER Rava-

